Forensic activities in the country, dating back to the first half of the nineteenth century, when the School of Medicine was founded, considered in their curriculum a theoretical course of forensic medicine, while from a practical point of view, doctors in the city of the capital were responsible for performing autopsies, at the morgue on Teatinos Street. next to the public prison of Santiago. The current headquarters in Santiago, used since August 30, 1915, is located on Avenida La Paz No. 1012 and was inaugurated on October 1, 1926. The building was designed by architect Leonello Bottacci. [5] The Legal Medical Service (better known by its acronym SML) is a Chilean public service under the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights that provides technical advice to courts and prosecutors by providing thematic, psychiatric, clinical, sexological and laboratory reports that can be converted into evidence that collaborates with the administration of justice. [4] Since January 13, 2020, the service is headed by surgeon Gabriel Zamora Salinas. [3] SEMEFO (Forensic Medical Service) is the legal support institution that, over time, has become not only an auxiliary pillar of administration, administration and justice in the city, but also a fundamental element for the judicial resolution of cases of a mainly criminal, civil, labor and family nature. Indeed, it supports the institution not only in the event of death, but also in cases with medico-legal effects on living persons. According to its website, the agency`s mission is to “provide the organs of the administration of justice and citizens in general, through the exercise of forensic expertise, with a highly qualified service in forensic and forensic matters, guaranteeing quality, reliability, timeliness, impartiality and dignified treatment of women and men.” Development also of scientific research, teaching and expansion in the fields of its competence.
[7] The impetus to found the SML came from Dr. Carlos Ybar de la Sierra, a doctor at the University of Chile, who installed in the country the vision of forensic medicine that had developed in Europe. [6] Until then, forensic pathology was a concept associated only with the morgue, the place where city doctors performed autopsies on people who died on public roads. Meanwhile, the position of coroner was theoretically teaching in universities. [6] On the other hand, its vision is “to be, as an institution of the State, the main scientific and technical reference in medical, legal and medico-legal matters, with quality, effective, timely and impartial action. Structured, organized and highly valued by the community, which contributes to a better administration of justice. [7] This is an appeal against a refusal in the procedure for obtaining or renewing a driving licence filed with the traffic department of a municipality. Rejection takes place at no c.
The organization is an international member of the Ibero-American Network of Institutions of Forensic Medicine and Forensics and participates in the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction. [4] Mexico had bodies responsible for settling disputes between its residents, over time these bodies became more sophisticated to become known as tribunals. It was in the mid-nineteenth century that SEMEFO originated, when judges for certain cases could require the realization of certain studies that assign expert functions to doctors. This is a medical examination that establishes the presence of injuries consistent with a sexual offence in support of the complaint. The analysis is non-invasive and is performed taking into account willpower, dignity and. From 1903, forensic medicine began to be analyzed from a more scientific point of view, one of the most important scholars was Dr. Gil Baledón. (Outstanding Doctor of Forensic Medicine).
It is an analysis that compares individual genetic patterns passed down from generation to generation according to a common inheritance pattern between parents and their children. Historical context • Classification of forensics • Location • Clues and evidence • Fingerprint reactivation • Forensic traumatology • Forensic projects. FORENSICS AND CRIMINALISM Under the government of President Ramón Barros Luco, Decree No. 1851 was issued on August 31, 1915, which regulated the work and operation of the Santiago morgue, creating what would in future be called the “Legal Medical Institute”. [6] In the so-called Fung/Riffo case, the forensic service disposed of the defendants` blood samples before carrying out the toxicological tests required by the Ñuñoa prosecutor`s office. This evidence could have changed the formalization of the facts and the accused could have been tried under the “Emilia law”. [12] The various staff adjustments made between 1960 and 1990, including those resulting from the Law on the Foundations of Public Administration and the Administrative Statute currently in force, resulted in the current national structure, consisting of a central headquarters in the city of Santiago and thirty-seven regional and provincial institutions. To better understand this concept, it is necessary to quote article 288 of the Federal Penal Code, which states: “The name of injury includes not only wounds, abrasions, bruises, fractures, dislocations, burns, but any change in health and any other damage that leaves a material trace on the human body, if these effects are caused by an external cause”. Therefore, any damage caused by a cause beyond the control of the person must be reported immediately to the competent authority. Some examples of medico-legal cases that must be reported to the competent authorities are injuries likely caused by: The examination of the finding of harm is addressed to any person who has been the victim of a physical, accidental or intentional assault, which requires confirmation of its severity, age, time. The Forensic Medical Service (SML) conducts psychiatric, psychological and social examinations of persons involved in criminal, civil or family cases, when it is necessary to assess mental capacity.
To date, there are thirty-seven regional institutions, 13 in regional capitals, 24 in localities around their respective capitals. The concept of medico-legal case represents any harm or other sign caused intentionally or recklessly by a person other than the person who has the change in his state of health or by an event beyond his control, if presumably the circumstances that caused the harm coincide with a possible illegality of the harm and therefore, are known through the intervention of health sector personnel, whether at the preclinical or hospital level.